1. Khetha amapharamitha wejiyomethri wethuluzi
Lapho kwenziwa insimbi engagqwali, ijiyomethri yengxenye yokusika yethuluzi kufanele ngokuvamile icatshangwe kusukela ekukhetheni i-rake angle ne-back angle. Lapho kukhethwa i-engeli ye-rake, izici ezifana nephrofayili yomtshingo, ubukhona noma ukungabikho kwe-chamfering kanye ne-engeli eqondile nengalungile yokuthambekela kwe-blade kufanele kubhekwe. Kungakhathalekile ukuthi ithuluzi lini, kufanele kusetshenziswe i-engeli enkulu yeraki lapho kwenziwa imishini yensimbi engagqwali. Ukwenyusa i-engeli ye-rake yethuluzi kunganciphisa ukumelana okuhlangabezene nakho ngesikhathi sokusikwa nokususwa kwe-chip. Ukukhethwa kwe-angle yokususa akuqinile kakhulu, kodwa akufanele kube kuncane kakhulu. Uma i-engeli yokususa incane kakhulu, izodala ukungqubuzana okukhulu nobuso bomsebenzi, kwenze kube kubi kakhulu ukuhwaqeka kwendawo esebenza ngomshini kanye nokusheshisa ukuguga kwamathuluzi. Futhi ngenxa yokungqubuzana okuqinile, umphumela wokuqina kwendawo yensimbi engagqwali uyathuthukiswa; i-angle yokususa ithuluzi akufanele ibe nkulu kakhulu, ibe nkulu kakhulu, ukuze i-angle ye-wedge yethuluzi incishiswe, amandla onqenqemeni lokusika ancishiswe, futhi ukugqokwa kwethuluzi kuyashesha. Ngokuvamile, i-engeli yokusiza kufanele ibe nkulu ngokufanele kunalapho ucubungula i-carbon steel evamile.
Ukukhethwa kwe-rake angle Kusuka esicini sokusika ukukhiqizwa kokushisa kanye nokuchithwa kokushisa, ukukhulisa i-rake angle kunganciphisa isizukulwane sokushisa esisikayo, futhi izinga lokushisa lokusika ngeke libe phezulu kakhulu, kodwa uma i-engela ye-rake inkulu kakhulu, ivolumu yokukhipha ukushisa. wephuzu lethuluzi lizokwehla, futhi izinga lokushisa lokusika lizobe liphambene. Iphakanyisiwe. Ukunciphisa i-engeli ye-rake kungathuthukisa izimo zokulahla ukushisa kwekhanda lokusika, futhi izinga lokushisa lokusika lingehla, kodwa uma i-engela ye-rake incane kakhulu, ukuguqulwa kokusika kuzoba kubi kakhulu, futhi ukushisa okukhiqizwa ukusika ngeke kuhlakazeke kalula. . Ukuzijwayeza kubonisa ukuthi i-engeli yeraki go=15°-20° iyona efaneleke kakhulu.
Uma ukhetha i-angle yokususa umshini onzima, amandla okusika amathuluzi anamandla okusika ayadingeka ukuba abe phezulu, ngakho-ke i-angle encane yokukhipha kufanele ikhethwe; ngesikhathi sokuqeda, ukugqoka kwamathuluzi kwenzeka ikakhulukazi endaweni enqenqemeni kanye ne-flank surface. Insimbi engagqwali, into ejwayele ukusebenza nzima, inomthelela omkhulu kukhwalithi engaphezulu kanye nokuguga kwamathuluzi okubangelwa ukungqubuzana kwendawo yeflank. I-engeli yokusiza enengqondo kufanele ibe: ngensimbi engagqwali ye-austenitic (ngaphansi kuka-185HB), i-engeli yokukhulula ingaba ngu-6°——8°; ukucubungula insimbi engagqwali ye-martensitic (ngaphezulu kuka-250HB), i-engeli yokususa ingu-6°-8°; ngensimbi engagqwali ye-martensitic (ngaphansi kuka-250HB), i-engeli yokususa ingu-6°-10°.
Ukukhethwa kwe-engeli yokuthambekela kwe-blade Usayizi nesiqondiso se-engeli yokuthambekela kwe-blade inquma isiqondiso sokugeleza kwe-chip. Ukukhethwa okunengqondo kwe-engeli yokuthambekela kwe-blade ngokuvamile kungu-10°-20°. Amathuluzi okuthambekela kwama-blade amakhulu kufanele asetshenziswe lapho kuqedwa kancane indilinga yangaphandle, izimbobo eziphenduka kahle, kanye nezindiza ezihlela kahle: kufanele kusetshenziswe ls45° -75°.
2. Ukukhethwa kwezinto zamathuluzi
Lapho ucubungula insimbi engagqwali, umnikazi wamathuluzi kufanele abe namandla anele kanye nokuqina ngenxa yamandla amakhulu okusika ukuze agweme ukuxoxa nokuguqulwa ngesikhathi sokusika. Lokhu kudinga ukukhethwa kwendawo ephambanayo enkulu ngokufanelekile yesibambi samathuluzi, kanye nokusetshenziswa kwezinto eziphakeme kakhulu ukuze kukhiqizwe isibambi samathuluzi, njengokusetshenziswa kwensimbi ecishiwe noma eqinile engu-45 noma insimbi engu-50.
Izidingo zengxenye yokusika yethuluzi Lapho ucubungula insimbi engagqwali, impahla yengxenye yokusika ithuluzi iyadingeka ukuba ibe nokumelana nokugqoka okuphezulu futhi igcine ukusebenza kwayo kokusika ekushiseni okuphezulu. Izinto ezisetshenziswa njengamanje yilezi: insimbi enesivinini esikhulu kanye ne-carbide enosimende. Ngenxa yokuthi insimbi enesivinini esikhulu ingagcina kuphela ukusebenza kwayo kokusika ngaphansi kuka-600 ° C, ayifanele ukusika ngesivinini esikhulu, kodwa ifaneleka kuphela ukucubungula insimbi engagqwali ngesivinini esiphansi. Ngenxa yokuthi i-carbide enosimende inokumelana nokushisa okungcono futhi imelana nokugqoka kunensimbi enesivinini esikhulu, amathuluzi enziwe ngezinto ze-carbide ezinosimende afaneleka kakhulu ukusika insimbi engagqwali.
I-carbide enosimende ihlukaniswe izigaba ezimbili: i-tungsten-cobalt alloy (YG) ne-tungsten-cobalt-titanium alloy (YT). Ama-alloys e-Tungsten-cobalt anokuqina okuhle. Amathuluzi enziwe angasebenzisa i-engeli ye-rake enkulu kanye nomphetho obukhali ukuze agaye. Ama-chips kulula ukukhubazeka ngesikhathi sokusika, futhi ukusika kuyashesha. Ama-chips akulula ukunamathela ethuluzini. Kulokhu, kufaneleka kakhulu ukucubungula insimbi engagqwali nge-tungsten-cobalt alloy. Ikakhulukazi emashini amabi kanye nokusika izikhawu ngokudlidliza okukhulu, ama-tungsten-cobalt alloy blades kufanele asetshenziswe. Ayiqinile futhi ayinamatheli njengengxubevange ye-tungsten-cobalt-titanium, akulula ukuyilola, futhi kulula ukuyihlikihla. Ingxubevange ye-Tungsten-cobalt-titanium inobulukhuni obubomvu obungcono futhi ayigugi kakhulu kunengxube ye-tungsten-cobalt ngaphansi kwezimo zokushisa okuphezulu, kodwa i-brittle, ayimelani nomthelela nokudlidliza, futhi ngokuvamile isetshenziswa njengethuluzi lenhlawulo yensimbi engagqwali. ukuphenduka.
Ukusebenza kokusika kwezinto zamathuluzi kuhlobene nokuqina nokukhiqiza kwethuluzi, futhi ukwenziwa kwezinto zamathuluzi kuthinta ukukhiqizwa nokulola ikhwalithi yethuluzi ngokwalo. Kutuswa ukukhetha izinto zamathuluzi ezinobunzima obuphezulu, ukumelana okuhle nokunamathela kanye nokuqina, njenge-YG cemented carbide, kungcono ukungasebenzisi i-YT cemented carbide, ikakhulukazi uma ucubungula i-1Gr18Ni9Ti austenitic stainless steel, kufanele ukugweme ngokuphelele ukusebenzisa i-YT hard alloy Alloy. , ngoba i-titanium (Ti) ensimbini engagqwali kanye ne-Ti kuhlobo lwe-YT-cymented carbide ikhiqiza ukuhambisana, ama-chips angakwazi ukususa kalula i-Ti ku-alloy, okukhuthaza ukugqoka kwamathuluzi okwandisiwe. Umkhuba wokukhiqiza ukhombisa ukuthi ukusetshenziswa kwe-YG532, YG813 kanye ne-YW2 amabanga amathathu ezinto zokwakha ukucubungula insimbi engagqwali kunomphumela omuhle wokucubungula.
3. Ukukhethwa kwenani lokusika
Ukuze ucindezele ukukhiqizwa konqenqema olwakhelwe phezulu kanye ne-scale spurs futhi kuthuthukiswe ikhwalithi ephezulu, lapho kusetshenzwa ngamathuluzi e-carbide enosimende, inani lokusika liphansi kancane kunalelo lokuguqula ama-workpieces ensimbi ye-carbon, ikakhulukazi isivinini sokusika akufanele sibe kakhulu. phezulu, isivinini sokusika ngokuvamile siyanconywa Vc=60——80m/min, ukujula kokusika kungu-ap=4——7mm, futhi izinga lokuphakela f=0.15——0.6mm/r.
4. Izidingo zobunzima obungaphezulu bengxenye yokusika yethuluzi
Ukuthuthukisa isiphetho esingaphezulu sengxenye yokusika yethuluzi kunganciphisa ukumelana lapho ama-chips egobile futhi kuthuthukise ukuqina kwethuluzi. Uma kuqhathaniswa nokucubungula i-carbon steel evamile, lapho kucutshungulwa insimbi engagqwali, inani lokusika kufanele lehliswe ngokufanelekile ukuze kunciphe ukuguga kwamathuluzi; ngesikhathi esifanayo, ukupholisa okufanelekile kanye noketshezi lokugcoba kufanele kukhethwe ukunciphisa ukushisa okusika kanye namandla okusika phakathi nenqubo yokusika, nokwandisa impilo yesevisi yethuluzi.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Nov-16-2021
