Ibintu 8 biranga imyitozo ihindagurika n'imikorere yayo

Waba uzi aya magambo: Inguni ya Helix, inguni, ingingo nyamukuru yo gukata, umwirondoro wumwironge? Niba atari byo, ugomba gukomeza gusoma. Tuzasubiza ibibazo nkibi: Icyiciro cya kabiri cyo guca iki? Inguni ya helix ni iki? Nigute bigira ingaruka kumikoreshereze muri porogaramu?

Impamvu ari ngombwa kumenya ibi bintu: Ibikoresho bitandukanye bishyira ibintu bitandukanye kubikoresho. Kubwiyi mpamvu, guhitamo imyitozo ya twist hamwe nuburyo bukwiye ni ngombwa cyane kubisubizo byo gucukura.

Reka turebere hamwe ibintu umunani byingenzi biranga imyitozo igoretse: Inguni yerekana, impande nyamukuru yo gukata, gukata impande ya chisel, gukata ingingo no kunanura ingingo, umwirondoro wumwironge, intangiriro, gukata kabiri, na helix angle.

Kugirango ugere kubikorwa byiza byo gukata mubikoresho bitandukanye, ibintu umunani byose bigomba guhuzwa.

Kugirango tubyerekane, tugereranya imyitozo itatu ikurikira ikurikiranye hamwe:

• Guhindura imyitozo DIN 338, HSS-E
• Imyitozo ya Twist DIN 338, HSSE-Co M35
• Guhindura imyitozo DIN 338, HSS 4341

Inguni

Inguni y'ingingo iherereye ku mutwe wa twist twist. Inguni ipimirwa hagati yimpande ebyiri zingenzi zo gukata hejuru. Inguni yingirakamaro irakenewe kugirango uhuze imyitozo ihindagurika.

Gutoya yingingo zingingo, byoroshye gushira mubikoresho. Ibi kandi bigabanya ibyago byo kunyerera hejuru yuhetamye.

Ninini yingingo zinguni, nigihe gito cyo gukanda. Ariko, igitutu cyo hejuru cyo guhura kirakenewe kandi gushira mubintu birakomeye.

Imiterere ya geometrike, inguni ntoya isobanura impande ndende zo gukata, mugihe inguni nini isobanura impande nini zo gukata.

Gukata impande zose

Inzira nyamukuru yo gukata ifata inzira yo gucukura. Impande ndende zo gukata zifite imikorere yo gukata cyane ugereranije no kugabanya gukata, nubwo itandukaniro ari rito cyane.

Imyitozo ya twist ihora ifite ibice bibiri byingenzi byo gukata bihujwe no gukata chisel.

Kata inkombe

Igice cya chisel cyaciwe giherereye hagati yigitereko cyimyitozo kandi nta ngaruka zo gukata. Nyamara, ni ngombwa mu kubaka imyitozo ya twist, kuko ihuza impande ebyiri nyamukuru zo guca.

Gukata chisel inkombe ishinzwe kwinjiza ibikoresho kandi bigashyiraho igitutu no guterana amagambo. Iyi mitungo, itabangamiye inzira yo gucukura, itera kongera ubushyuhe no kongera ingufu z'amashanyarazi.

Ariko, iyi mitungo irashobora kugabanuka kubyo bita "kunanuka".

Gukata ingingo no kugabanuka

Kugabanuka ingingo kugabanya inkombe zaciwe hejuru hejuru yimyitozo. Kunanuka bivamo kugabanuka gukomeye kwingufu zo guterana mubikoresho bityo kugabanuka kwingufu zikenewe.

Ibi bivuze ko kunanuka aricyo kintu cyingenzi cyo kwibanda kubintu. Itezimbere.

Gutandukanya ingingo zitandukanye zisanzwe muburyo bwa DIN 1412. Imiterere isanzwe ni ingingo ihindagurika (imiterere N) hamwe no gutandukanya (imiterere C).

Umwirondoro wumwironge (umwirondoro wa groove)

Bitewe numurimo wacyo nkumuyoboro wa sisitemu, umwirondoro wumwironge uteza kwinjiza no gukuramo.

Mugari mugari umwirondoro wa groove, nibyiza gukuramo chip no kuyikuramo.

Gukuraho chip nabi bisobanura iterambere ryinshi ryubushyuhe, ibyo bikaba bishobora kuganisha kuri annealing hanyuma amaherezo akavunika imyitozo.

Umwirondoro mugari wa profili uringaniye, imyirondoro yoroheje irimbitse. Ubujyakuzimu bwa profili ya groove bugena ubunini bwimyitozo ngororamubiri. Flat groove imyirondoro yemerera ibipimo binini (binini). Umwirondoro wimbitse wemerera intambwe ntoya (yoroheje).

Core

Umubyimba wibanze nigipimo kigena ituze ryimyitozo.

Imyitozo ya Twist hamwe na diameter nini (yibyibushye) ifite intambwe ihamye bityo ikaba ikwiranye na torque nini nibikoresho bikomeye. Birakwiye kandi cyane gukoreshwa mumyitozo yintoki kuko birwanya cyane kunyeganyega nimbaraga zuruhande.

Kugirango byoroherezwe gukuramo chipi muri groove, ubunini bwibanze bwiyongera kuva kumyitozo kugeza kuri shanki.

Kuyobora chamfers no gukata kabiri

Imiyoboro ibiri iyobora iherereye ku myironge. Icyuma gikonjesha gikora cyane byongeye hejuru kuruhande rwa boreho kandi bigashyigikira ubuyobozi bwimyitozo ngororamubiri mu mwobo wacukuwe. Ubwiza bwurukuta rwa boreho nabwo buterwa nubuyobozi bwa chamfers.

Igice cya kabiri cyo gukata kigizwe ninzibacyuho kuva kuyobora chamfers kugera kumurongo wa groove. Irekura kandi ikata chip zifatiye kubikoresho.

Uburebure bwa chamfers nuyobora gukata kabiri biterwa ahanini na helix.

Inguni ya Helix (inguni)

Ikintu cyingenzi kiranga imyitozo ni impagarike ya helix (impande ya spiral). Igena inzira yo gukora chip.

Inguni nini ya helix itanga gukuraho neza ibikoresho byoroshye, birebire. Inguni ntoya ya helix, kurundi ruhande, ikoreshwa kubikoresho bigoye, bigufi.

Imyitozo ya Twist ifite inguni ntoya cyane (10 ° - 19 °) ifite umuzenguruko muremure. Mugusubizwa, imyitozo ya twist swith nini nini ya helix (27 ° - 45 °) ifite umuzenguruko (mugufi). Imyitozo ya Twist ifite spiral isanzwe ifite inguni ya helix ya 19 ° - 40 °.

Imikorere y'ibiranga muri porogaramu

Urebye neza, ingingo yo kugoreka imyitozo isa nkaho igoye. Nibyo, hari ibice byinshi nibiranga gutandukanya imyitozo. Nyamara, ibintu byinshi biranga biruzuzanya.

Kugirango ubone imyitozo iboneye, urashobora kwerekeza kuri progaramu yawe mu ntambwe yambere. Imfashanyigisho ya DIN yo gukora imyitozo no kubara isobanura, munsi ya DIN 1836, igabana ryamatsinda yo gusaba muburyo butatu N, H, na W:

Muri iki gihe, ntuzasanga gusa ubu bwoko butatu N, H, na W ku isoko, kuko igihe kirenze, ubwoko bwateguwe muburyo butandukanye kugirango uhindure imyitozo yo kugoreka kubisabwa bidasanzwe. Rero, imiterere ya Hybrid yashizweho sisitemu yo kwita izina ntabwo isanzwe mubitabo DIN. Kuri MSK ntuzahasanga ubwoko bwa N gusa ahubwo uzanabona ubwoko UNI, UTL cyangwa VA.

Umwanzuro n'incamake

Noneho umenye ibintu biranga imyitozo ya twist bigira uruhare mubikorwa byo gucukura. Imbonerahamwe ikurikira iraguha incamake yibyingenzi byingenzi biranga imirimo yihariye.

Mubisanzwe, urashobora kumenya ibyifuzo byawe nibikoresho ushaka gucukamo.

Reba imyitozo ihindagurika itangwa hanyuma ugereranye ibintu nibikorwa ukeneye kugirango ibikoresho byawe bicukurwe.